Arthropods are invertebrates that constitute over 90% of the animal kingdom, and their bio-ecology is closely linked with global functioning and survival. Arthr

When we look at our planet’s species distribution, we observe a very interesting pattern: as we move from the Poles to the Equator, the number of species dras

This Encyclopedia of Tropical Biology and Conservation Management is a component of the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integra

Environmental influences on forest structure and composition; Interactions between plant growth and environment; Ecophysiological processes in tropical plants;

This Encyclopedia of Tropical Biology and Conservation Management is a component of the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integra