Star-formation is one of the key processes that shape the current state and evolution of galaxies. This volume provides a comprehensive presentation of the diff

This is volume 5 of Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems, a six-volume compendium of modern astronomical research, covering subjects of key interest to the main f

A coherent introduction for researchers in astronomy, particle physics, and cosmology on the formation and evolution of galaxies.

This is volume 6 of Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems, a six-volume compendium of modern astronomical research, covering subjects of key interest to the main f

The formation and evolution of galaxies is one of the most important topics in modern astrophysics. Secular evolution refers to the relatively slow dynamical ev