This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the p

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced

Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. We are republishing the

Excerpt from The Essentials of Arithmetic, Oral and Written, Vol. 1 This book is designed for use within the third-, fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-year grades of p