This book examines the transformation of scholars into scholar-bureaucrats and discusses ideology, law and administration in the Ottoman Empire.

This book is a post-revisionist history of the late Ottoman Empire that makes a major contribution to Ottoman scholarship.

"The final reports, or relazioni, of Venice's ambassadors are among the most noted historical documents produced in the early modern era. At the end of their se

At the turn of the 19th century, the Ottoman Empire straddled three continents and encompassed extraordinary ethnic and cultural diversity among the millions of