Harmless artificial life forms are on the loose on the Internet. Computer viruses and even robots are now able to evolve like their biological counterparts. Tel

Discusses how scientists are taking inanimate materials such as computer software and robots and making them behave like living organisms, known as artificial l

Rapid prototyping tools exist in many fields of science and engineering, but are rare in biology especially not general tools that can handle the diversity and

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th European Conference on Artificial Life, ECAL 2007, held in Lisbon, Portugal. The 125 revised full pape