Download or read book Characterization of the Immune Microenvironment of Homologous Recombination Deficient Pancreatic Cancer written by Jenna Golesworthy and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Purpose: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly chemo-resistant with a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. Although the microenvironment of PDAC is generally immunosuppressive, the rare and hypermutated mismatch repair (MMR) deficient (MMR-d) PDAC subtype is sensitive to immune check point inhibitors (ICIs). The more prevalent homologous recombination (HR) deficient (HR-d) PDAC subtype may also harbor immunogenicity amenable to treatment with ICIs. To investigate the actionability of HR-d PDAC with ICIs, I compared the immune landscapes of HR-d versus HR/MMR-intact PDAC by evaluating a molecularly annotated retrospective case series. Experimental Design: Germline genetic testing and tumor molecular hallmarks were used to classify 192 PDAC cases as HR/MMR-intact (n=166), HR-d (n=25) or MMR-d (n=1). The cases were immunostained for CD8+ cytotoxic T-cells, FOXP3+ regulatory T-cells (Tregs), CD68+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and PD-L1. To distinguish immune cells infiltrating the tumor versus those surrounding the perimeter, immune cells located within 10 uM of a tumor cell cluster perimeter were classified intra-tumoral. Immune cells mapping 10 to 50 uM from a tumor cell cluster perimeter were considered peri-tumoral, while immune cells located beyond 50 uM from a tumor cell cluster perimeter were classified as stromal. Using these spatial distribution definitions, I analyze the immune landscape of HR-d versus HR/MMR-intact PDAC. I also evaluated the immunohistochemical positivity of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) across the subgroups. Results: The HR-d group showed significantly longer median overall survival compared to the HR/MMR-intact group (29.1 months versus 19.9 months, p