Testing second language listening proficiency validly and reliably has always posed a challenge. In the days before the widespread availability of recorded mate

This volume examines the nature of second language listening proficiency and how it can be assessed. The book highlights the need for test developers to provide

As an essential part of communicative competence, listening is a skill which deserves equal treatment with the other basic skills of speaking, reading, and writ

Now in its second edition, this reader-friendly text offers a comprehensive treatment of concepts and knowledge related to teaching second language (L2) listeni

This book evaluates a project where formal classroom learning of a second language was supplemented with informal, natural interactions with older native speake